See examples of SHEAR STUD used in a sentence. Shear connectors are required on the top flange of steel composite bridge girders to provide the necessary shear transfer between the steel girder and composite slab that is required for composite action. 3 Past research on the theoretical strength of shear connectors 2. Page 1- showing 12 results for shear studs. (2) Shear connectors are typically used in composite steel construction for holding concrete slabs to steel members to resist shear forces and increase shear loading. Minimum number of shear studs required to develop the controlling moment (anywhere along a span) are distributed uniformly between the point of maximum bending moment and the adjacent points of zero moment (on each side of the point. We providing a diverse product range, which includes numerous varieties of nuts, bolts, washers, screws, pins, nails, rivets, anchors and other speciality products. The spot welder will burn through the metal deck and attach the shear stud directly to the. 84 16 mm Size Stud Type (Designation) Part No. 1 General . shear stud design shear capacity developed for North American standards in the 1970’s, modified with a partial strength reduction factor incorporated in 1992. Besides equipment, shear stud connectors can be produced based on the standard of EN ISO 13918; AWS D1. 3 for engineering design in accordance with NZS3603:1993 Timber. Brand: Indian or Imported. Reduces the amount of reinforcement needed. and so much more. Refer to Characteristic Loadings Brochure for design values. The use of Ancon shear connectors reduces costs,Drawn Arc and Short-Cycle Welding Studs. Some sizes available in split threads for example UNF on one end and UNC on the other. I am wondering to find a source for designing double-head shear studs in Australia. . In order to investigate the behaviour of headed shear studS h ear stud with ceramic ferrule. 3m, 3. NEW D6L A706 Stud Weldable Rebar. 3 Full shear connection and partial shear connection . Ideal for renovating old buildings where welding on existing cast-iron beams can be problematic. 85 13 x 100 Shear Stud, 13 x 100 HSC, CS 6060 013 100 0. In the drawing area, select the steel elements to connect. 31. 4 13 x 150 Shear Stud, 13 x 150 HSC, CS 6060 013 150 0. 2:2003. 1:1999, Residential timber-framed construction in the preparation of this guide and complies with NZS 3604:2011 Timber Framed Buildings which is an Acceptable Solution to NZBC Clause 1 Structure The requirements set out in the New Zealand Building CodeThe shear studs have a diameter of 19 mm and a height of 100 mm. Shear studs refer to the installation of steel pins or grommets, that extend out of the top flange of a steel support beam. from $117. 0 m), and the embodied carbon of the materials. Guidance has also been taken from AS 1684. 5 for bolt classes 4. Technical Support on all Contract Connections products is available on 09 2744049. To complement crack investigations, Ovuoba et al. 6. and so much more. The concrete strength was C30, the steel plate was made of Q345 steel and had a thickness of 10 mm. The double shear, guillotine tests were conducted with a three plate fixture. 98. 0 Released on July 30, 2014. Wt Each (kg) Bag Qty Bag Wt (kg)Double ended Studs. 2 ISBN 0850730155 Bates,W. AS/NZS 1552. 1: 1990. The reason he welded the studs off center was the high flute of the deck was directly above the center of the beam so instead of cutting the deck welding the studs on center he welded it off center. SRP™ Whisperwall™ and Standard SRP™ Studs are available in 2. 210 70 14. ChemSet™ Anchor Studs are made from quality Grade 5. Using the ABAQUS software, this article presents a numerical investigation on the effects of various stud distributions on the behavior of composite beams. Ductile concrete connections. [6] BS 5950-3. Engineered with optional closed ends, ComFlor® 60 provides excellent acoustic performance and fire protection, with no requirement for filler blocks. If the wall runs perpendicular (at a 90-degree angle) to the joists, there is a good chance that it is a load-bearing wall. MATERIAL Low carbon steel, ASTM A29/A108, 1010-1020. 3. 9 times the diameter of the stud, the stud group effect would not work. Orthogonal. Takabayashi, Y. [email protected] the steel-SFRCC composite beams, the shear bearing capacities of the studs with 22 mm diameter was 47. NEW D6L A706 Stud Weldable Rebar. In addition to yielding valuable fatigue data, the test results provide evidence of the effects of redundancy and the value of beam tests, rather than push tests, for assessing and. nz and comflorsales. Download scientific diagram | Steel plate with shear stud details from publication: The Effect of Steel Plates with Shear Studs for Weak Column–Strong Beam Connections in the Reinforced Concrete. 5 of the average maximum load for screws tested in tension and shear, respectively. Add to Cart. 8 or αv = 0. nz 55 Allens Rd East Tamaki Auckland New Zealand breed is more like the original Roman/Persian sheep breed and have two copies of that old hair strain that doesn’t require any shearing or dagging. 6 m). 5. 7-mm diameter and 352 MPa for the 15. Commercial buildings -Handbooks, manuals, etc. For BS 5950, Fu is not used by the program. Precast columns & beam connections. The headed shear studs were welded to the web of the section using a stud gun to adhere to common construction. 8) are. Shear slip and necking are both demonstrated in the failure mode of shear stud connectors when shear and tension forces are coupled. 7 H4L 205 101-053-010 studs in a plane perpendicular to the shear force and six H 15. The bearing capacity of shear stud connectors from the simplified design equations in different building codes tends to be underestimated because of a relatively large safety factor. The area moment of inertia of the steel beam has the greatest influence on the flexural capacity of the SCCB. Remove Click to remove the selected row from the table Remove AllThis study discusses the process of failure of shear studs embedded in UHPC and develops a concrete wedge block model in an attempt to explain such improvement. Made to order lengths areUDC 624. The results indicate that the shear stiffness of the group studs is highly correlated with the flexural behavior of the SCCB. The distributed shear stud connector is an alternative solution to the clustered shear stud connector [2]. Nelson ® offers a complete line of portable and feed stud welding systems to meet even the most demanding of stud welding performance. 1 has a series of images of typical steel headed stud anchors on a steel beam. LNG Station Fabrication LNG station fabrication uses highest standard SINOARS shear connectors, Φ19 x 150 and Φ16 x 150. Initial calculations suggest a 3/4" stud (smallest available from Nelson) needs to be embedded at least 12" to be fully developed. Check the spacing of shear connectors Since each flute is 12 in. • Wall / Floor • Core Wall / Shear Wall Joints • Core Wall / Stair Landings • Slab / Slab RB12TI108>61 107 124144 56. 62% and 16. Kalibhat & Upadhyay studied the deformation behavior of steel–concrete composite girders with partial interaction, considering several factors, such as the geometry of the cross-section, degree of shear connection, span length, and configuration of shear stud connectors. The larger connectors can be used in joints up to 60mm wide. where A s is the cross-sectional area of the stud diameter d (mm 2 units), f c is the concrete cylinder compressive strength (N/mm 2), and E c is the static modulus of elasticity of the concrete (N/mm 2). 88 H4L 68 101-053-012 times diameter in the direction of the shear force is generally 15. 2d(3) for studs and SCM I3. 75 16 H4L 165 101-053-019 direction of the shear force and some spacing restrictions High-shear load areas in concrete construction. Our Team. To improve the punching shear capacity of flat slab constructions, previous researches proposed using standard shear reinforcement, shear head steel, shear stud, helix reinforcement, and lattice. 9. 25. We also offer a full supply & install service for all types of. Later,. Correctly installing shear studs into steel decking is imperative to the overall integrity of the structure. The number of studs required in this situation is calculated simply by dividing the beam length by 333. Design resistance of the shear connectors. 5100. Therefore, thirty-six push-out test specimens were. Figure 10. (13 mm) studs. Slab closure angles. Shear studs are generally attached to the top flanges of girders using a welding gun. Shear connectors are required on the top flange of steel composite bridge girders to provide the necessary shear transfer be-tween the steel girder and composite slab that is required for composite action. 7. Slab closure angles. No visible damage in the ECC was observed in the saw cut section (Fig. The shear capacity of headed studs in composite steel–concrete beams has been determined experimentally in seven full-scale push-off tests. Get a Quote. NZS 3603:1993 cites NZS 4203:1992 General structural design and design loadings for buildings - SPONSORED. Maximum resistances from the experimental tests are compared with the predictions of EC 4 and results from other. 3 of the American Wood Council’s (AWC’s) National Design Specification ® (NDS ® ) for Wood Construction includes provisions for built-up. Nelson Stud Welding - NZ Nelson Stud Welding has been operating in New Zealand for 40 years, with operating bases in Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch. This paper presents results from an experimental and analytical study of the fatigue behavior of headed shear studs to address the lack of existing experimental data near the assumed CAFL and to better characterize the effects of fatigue uncertainty on predicted response. IKING GROUP is a professional manufacturer of shear stud connector and stud welding machine for about 30 years with ISO CE certificate. 6m, other sizes available on request (2. , use one stud every flute, starting at each support, and proceed for 17 studs on each end of the span. Our Shear Connector Design offers you both. Learn about the options to define shear studs either by starting from existing configurations or by creating complete new ones. Nelson headed shear connectors deliver code specified shear strength values as used in composite construction, securing concrete to steel structural components. Quality: As per ISO 13918. Nelson ® stud welding’s rich history began in 1939 with the U. 3), since this type of shear connector can provide robust and ductile shear connection and can be easily installed [10]. Get Latest Price. AS/NZS 1554. Normally the shear studs are welded, with a spot welder, after the metal deck is installed over the supporting structural steel. 5. Here is a list of the tags available from the family library included with Revit (C:ProgramDataAutodeskRVT ####Libraries<Location>Annotations): Folder. 7-0. 1016/J. Supplied to, and trusted by the construction industry for more than 30 years, Tray-dec products are manufactured to comply with the latest building standard in steel composite structures AS/NZS. fabrication, fatigue, guide, ladder deck, life cycle, multi-girder, New Zealand, NZ Transport Agency, shear studs, steel, Steel Bridge Development Group , sustainability, vibration, welding. Welding defects significantly lower the shear capacity of studs, as is widely known. Be safe and compliant. Portable solution which can be moved around the jobsite easily without the need for pulling electric cables. The person who removes the sheep's wool is called a shearer. B. Wall Is Perpendicular to the Joists. The shear capacities obtained from the FE analysis for the connection with a sole anchor rod (in solid triangles). 2) Dimensions (mm) d1. Nelson. The finite element model was verified by. [11] AS 4100:1998 Steel structures – Australian Standards – publish– ed on 5 June 1998 – Reconfirmed in 2005 – Including amendment no 1. Shear Connector Weld Studs are unthreaded with an upset head. The stud diameter and yield strength have a significant effect on the shear behavior of studs. 3 of the American Wood Council’s (AWC’s) National Design Specification ® (NDS ® ) for Wood Construction includes provisions for built-up. (7/8″)22mm. from $3. The stud is held in the welding gun and an arc is. 37 31. [6] BS 5950-3. Obviously, at the top of the cruciform column alignment until the composite column runs, the minimum number of shear stud should be used for the joint performance of the steel and concrete columns. Welded shear studs sometimes referred to as headed shear studs, are by far the most common and established method of shear connection when designing or specifying steel-concrete composite construction. APPENDIX B - INFORMATION FOR THE SERVICEABILITY LIMIT. KP#: MSHSCF22. In the table, As has been taken as equal to At . 2. 19 MPa∼200 MPa to establish a reliable database. The design shear ca-pacity of particleboard shear walls shall be in accordance 2003 INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE® 467 WOOD TABLE 2306. 00. ₱ 155. Opens the Copy Shear Studs Location dialog, which is used to copy the shear stud layout to other beams or spans. 1 b, the studs are uniformly placed along the longitudinal direction of the deck, and the continuous post-cast strip is left to accommodate the studs instead of the hole. (13 mm) studs. The shear stud was Ø10 × 70 (GB/T 10433) . Dowload our Walls Handbook SRP Ltd Wall Handbook PDF DownloadWhen installing shear studs, the length after weld should extend at least 35mm above the top of the main rib of the deck profile. (13 mm) shear studs tested by King et al. n s = number of shear studs to be welded on the exterior face of the HSS for anchorage. This is meant to simulate an equivalent point load acting on a stud embedded in concrete due to the shear stress distribution along the stud height. × 5 in. 5. 3A. 8 Nelson Stud Welding - NZ Nelson Stud Welding has been operating in New Zealand for 40 years, with operating bases in Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch. 2 Types of shear connection . 1. Simpson Strong-Tie ® (New Zealand) Ltd Call 09 477 4440. The spacing of the shear connectors is determined by dividing the connector strength by the. We visited my Uncle Scott and Auntie Alwyn in January of 2018. Builders, architects,. Since 1939, Nelson ® has been creating powerful, cost-effective stud welding fasteners and equipment — providing engineered components, split-second fastening, training, and. Install them using conventional welding or specialized stud welders; a ferrule is included for use with stud welders. Semi-rigid-Shear Studs Shear Connections-Double Angles Shear Connections-Shear Tabs- Seismic Shear Connections -Shear Tabs-Gravity LoadsThe number of shear studs can be calculated by Eq. Stainless Steel ChemSet™ Anchor Studs are high corrosion resistant AISI 316 (A4). 1&2:1997 A2. The conventional construction requires a long. The rib in the center of Tray-dec sheets makes installing double studs easy on smaller beams. UK Contracts; Export Contracts; Car Parks. 7. Shear Stud Lion tersedia dalam berbagai ukuran dan jenis koneksi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konstruksi yang berbeda. Find here Shear Stud, Shear Connector suppliers, manufacturers, wholesalers, traders with Shear Stud prices for. . from $109. 9 c). 5d and a. ii. Improved push specimen, according to Hicks and Smith (2014) 2. Shear studs are commonly specifi ed as ASTM A108, which has a tensile strength of 60 ksi. 2, 0. 1; BS 5400; AS/NZ 1554The shear connector studs, when welded to base metal will be approximately 5mm shorter after weld and when welded through deck 10mm shorter after weld. NATIONWIDE COVERAGE Auckland (Head Office) 560 Rosebank Road, Avondale Phone 09 828 2777 Fax 09 828 2424 Albany Unit 4, 4 William Pickering DriveL. ) If you would like to use the price section of our 2x4. Nelson shear connectors meet requirements of the following codes: . The weld collar remained almost intact on the web plate and the. I assumed this to be due to the previous owner (s) over torquing them and stressing the metal over time. Shop our huge selection of OEM, MRO, construction, industrial, and safety products. 07. 2 Stresses and moduli 6. H4L Concrete Anchors. The first step towards the design recommendation is to understand the difference between the headed shear studs and the bolted shear connectors in a push-out test. This allows architects and engineers to create unique and innovative designs while still ensuring the safety and stability of the structure. Free edges in the 71. connectors in the pockets was 125 mm in both vertical and . Contact Supplier. The shearer is using a sling for back support. 1; AS/NZ 1554. The ability of shear studs to transfer vertical tension forces from a fractured girder to intact bridge components was investigated. Hotfrog International Sites. Shear Load Connectors 8 Tel: +64 (0) 3 376 5205 Structural Movement Joints in Frames A common requirement in framed buildings is a structural movement joint to isolate one part of the building from another. Health and Safety. This means that in the Shear stud dialog, for each specific shear stud type, you have. Stud placement for final design. 5+0. Q s = shear strength of one shear stud. Cent. Contract Connections Ltd is the leader in the specialised field of STUDWELDING in all forms. Call (973) 333-9775 today for a free quote. Shear studs are used in stud welding to secure steel framed buildings to create a shear connection between the steel and the concrete. They have a head, so poured concrete embeds them solidly. where: p s is the shear strength of the bolt A s is the shear area of the bolt. Stick Out by Stud Diameter. 8 Shear connector also named shear stud, concrete anchors, are typically used in composite steel construction to tie the concrete to steel members and resist shear forces between the concrete slab and steel members. addition to shear wall and diaphragm design,. Stud work comes with inherent risks, and Red Cedar Steel is dedicated to minimizing those risks. Minimum number of shear studs required to develop the controlling moment (anywhere along a span) are distributed uniformly between the point of maximum bending moment and the adjacent points of zero moment (on each side of the point. 1 . The studs are to be 5 in. Standard Shear Studs are Effective with ComFlor 60 The Steel Construction Institute confirmed in Note AD147 that the shear connectors should extend at least 35mm above the. 7m, 3. NOTE: Ferrules are component parts of studs. Additional mechanical anchors or shear studs, acting together with the through-bolts, may also be used to resist the vertical force from the diagonal strut especially if the tube inner surface is smooth. after welding) were welded. 2003 Australian/New Zealand Standard – Structural Stud Welding • BS 5400: 2005 Steel, Concrete, and Composite BridgesMeanwhile, based on the regression analysis, the calculation model of shear stiffness was established, while the effect of the height of studs on shear stiffness was ignored. 7 H4L 154 101-053-008 shear as in tension. The head should have a diameter of not less than 1. A major difference between the shear stud behavior in the proposed system and in composite beams is that in the proposed system, the amount of concrete available to resist punching shear is limited due to the small depth of the flat. 6 for bolt classes 4. Facebook; Twitter; Facebook; Whatsapp; Pinterest; Buy Journal. LIPPED WALL STUDS – FIRE TESTED QUIET STUD FLEXIBLE TRACK LIPPED WALL STUDS 401 51mm x 0. 1. In my career as a joiner, the most common spacing I have worked with, is 400mm centres. Date: 1/1/2021. For ribs perpendicular to the beam, clause 6. This innovative solution allows shorter time for the construction, while extending the service life of bridge decks [1,2]. Positioning. (13 and 19 mm) studs showed that there is in fact a significant “size-effect” on the order of 3 ksi (21 MPa), with the 3/4 in. It is an ideal solution to the design and construction problems associated with punching shear. The computation of the shear strength of a single connector is addressed in SCM I3. 5. Increases loading capacity in bridges, buildings, etc. $3,870. Welding – Studs and cermaic ferrules for arc stud welding (AS/NZS ISO. 63). 1; AS/NZ 1554. 2. , and the number of shear studs in each transverse row. 6. Interested in hearing about future promotions? Sign-up to be kept updated! Products. Refer to Figure 1. Engineered with optional closed ends, ComFlor® 80 provides excellent acoustic performance and fire protection, with no requirement for filler blocks. Solution: If the desired tag is not found within the main Annotations folder, check each of the subfolders to see if the tag is available. 4, and 0. These machines are available for both hire and purchase. The plywood sheathing helps to transfer. above the deck and ½ in. Assembled steel-composite bridges generally use stud connectors to achieve the connection between the deck slab and the steel main girders. Commitment to Quality. Shear connectors are required on the top flange of steel composite bridge girders to provide the necessary shear transfer be-tween the steel girder and composite slab that is required for composite action. The spot welder will burn through the metal deck and attach the shear stud directly to the. When PTFE sheeting was added to reduce friction at the steel–concrete interface,. 0 kN Screw Type 17-14g x 35mm 3. Characteristic Properties are determined in accordance with AS/NZS 4063. The critical design actions on this wall are presented in table 1. NZ Designers Designer New Arrivals. They are more effective at transferring load and allowing movement to take place. 10:00 AM. Finish Plain. 3. Figure 1 Typical shear stud connectors shear connector SD UF threaded stud with flange (pitch) PS — unthreaded stud US — Short-cycle drawn arc stud welding stud with internal thread IS —. Shipping Weights. 6m and 4. stud shear bearing capacity formula given in Eurocode 4 [16]) at a step of 10 kN, and then cycled three times . This paper presents a push-out experimental study of three groups of shear stud connectors to investigate the impact of the shear stud diameter and yield strength on shear stud bearing. 8/S 92. Generally the shear studs will be welded, with a spot welder (known as ferrule), after the metal deck is installed over the supporting structural steel. The most widely used form of shear connector is the headed stud, or shear stud. Investigation of stud shear connectors for composite concrete and steel T-beams. Stud SDWS SDWS Bearer-to-Post/Pile Connection SDWS Ledger-to-Stud Connection SDWS Stud-to-Top Plate Cross Section. Duplicate an Existing Shear Stud When setting up to create new shear studs, it is easier and faster to start from an existing configuration that is closest to your requirements and modify only some of the parameters to obtain your. Shear studs are provided at a maximum spacing of eight times the slab thickness or 36 in (whichever is lesser). As mentioned above, the most common form of provision for shear connection is the headed stud, welded to the top flange. if we don’t have it available, we may be able to manufacture for you. Connor, Zhichao Lai, and Amit H. Part Number Explanation. A total of 102 push-out tests were carried out on standard test specimens with varying parameters including concrete types (normal weight, lightweight and ultra-lightweight), concrete strengths, and types of J-hook connectors. 2 Comparison be tween the I2 and 3/4in. The resulting shear stress, τ, deforms the rectangle into a parallelogram. Headed shear studs are an essential interfacial connection for precast steel–concrete structures to ensure composite action; hence, the accurate prediction of the shear capacity of headed studs is of pivotal significance. Enquires: Auckland Tel: 09 820 9133 Fax: 09 820 9131 Wellington Tel: 04 233 9421 or 04 233 8131 Fax: 04 233 1072 Email: sales@nelsonstud. Tag. 27kgs in the table, but it is only 0. Quantity Per Pack: Varies as per size. The proposed ANN-based analytical model yielded, for all collected data, maximum and mean relative errors of 3. South Univ. Technical Support on all Contract Connections products is available on 09 2744049 during normal office hours. The information contained in this document is current as at October 2022. Relation for headed shear stud behavior, steel beam and reinforcement The stress-strain curve of the headed stud is shown in Fig. Fastener Type Shear Stud. The experiments reported that the ultimate bolt capacity was twice that of the welded studs. 2; BS 5400 and GB/T10433 etc. The CF 60 profile depth is 75mm including the top re-entrant section and the. We will weld the studs to the beams through the deck sheet. Headed shear connectors are typically made from low-carbon steel and consist of a cylindrical shaft with a cylindrical head. , four 2×6 studs to create one 5. Also known as shear connectors, the purpose of these drawn arc weld studs is to connect and hold the concrete slabs and the steel beams together, creating a composite structure. 1—continued RECOMMENDED SHEAR (POUNDS PER FOOT) FOR WOOD STRUCTURAL PANEL DIAPHRAGMS WITH FRAMING OF DOUGLAS-FIR-LARCH,. RelatedThis article develops an enhanced UHPC-grout shear connection for steel-concrete composite bridges with precast decks. Shear Stud C/W Ceramic Ferrule AS/NZS 1554. Our Alliances. Many features have been An additional three steel–concrete composite using shear studs were fabricated, which were numbered as B1, B2, and B3. STRIP BRACE 0. 6dstud < 12 in. WEB178415. Shear walls. The butt weld was realised following LMB C558 under powder – process 121 and the studs were welded on that weld following LMB H505 stud. shear connectors should extend at least 35mm above the top of the main trapezoidal section. 258kgs in fact for the mild steel (such as SWRCH18A, SWRCH15A, etc. Hardware, Power Tools & More. NZS 3604:2011 is free to download from Download the PDF. Welded Shear Stud. headed shear stud, stud shear capacity, stud pull-out failure, full. Shear stud clusters embedded in shear pockets are applied to create composite action between precast decks and steel girders. The. Note: Use Ctrl + click to select multiple elements. Design of fastenings for use in concrete. The primary improvement is the use of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) as the connection grout. Under the same concrete type and stud diameter, the ultimate shear capacities of the specimens with 80 mm and 120 mm stud lengths. The shear studs are designed to effectively tie the concrete slabs to the beams. 2d(4) for channel shear anchors. (13 mm) shear studs tested by King et al. TGN, Technical Guidance Notes; TGN Online (Requires Register or Login)Our wall framing calculator is extremely easy to use! You only need two values: The stud OC (on-center) spacing; and. The beams were W24x55 and the studs were 2" off center. The cover width is just 600mm, creating lightweight sheets that. Because of the inter connection or composite construction resists shear loading between the concrete and steel beams. The first parameter is the yield stress of stirrups where its effect on the punching shear is studied by using stirrups with different yield stresses of 240 MPa and 420 MPa. The shear pockets are filled with field-cast cementitious grouts to generate the composite action. n a stud that transfers shear. variables for the prediction of the headed stud shear force at failure, namely the steel stud tensile strength and diameter, and the concrete (cylinder) compressive strength. Need to provide prescriptive seismic reinforcement everywhere. 5 d sc from the bottom of the concrete deck, where d sc is the diameter of the shear connector. 2d(4) for channel shear connectors. Earlier reported push-off test results exhibited a shearThe shear capacity of the bolt is given by . Keywords: angles, composite bridges, channels, historic, material properties, NZ Transport Agency, NZ Transport Agency Bridge manual 3rd edition, shear connector, shear studs, standards. We offer the largest selection of standard in-stock construction stud fasteners. Shear walls. Wish List. Nelson shear. The feasibility of two types of high-strength bolts in rehabilitation for old. Please contact us directly for information and availability on the welder to best suit your needs. Find the perfect pair of diamond stud earrings to suit your style and special occasion. Dallam [9] firstly presented the static push-out test to determine the capability of high strength pretensioned shear bolts embedded in normal-weight concrete slab (see Fig. 2 Shear walls and diaphragms Section 6 Plywood 6.